It required a bishops approval for the publication of private revelations. August 2021 The will of Urbano Barberini's last wife, Maria Teresa Boncompagni, makes mention of this Maffeo Callisto as the Marquis di Corese and she expresses appreciation and gratitude for him. Urbano Barberini was born on 18 September 1961 in Rome, Lazio, Italy. During his years of service he gained influence in the French court, and in 1606 Pope Paul V (1605 - 1621) named him cardinal. Father of Maffeo Callisto Barberini; Cornelia Costanza Barberini, IV principessa di Palestrina and Ruggero Barberini Maffeo Barberini was Pope Urban VIII. Peace negotiations were concluded near Orvieto, but not accepted by the pope. As the man of letters Leio Guidiccioni observed in 1633, the . New York: Robert Appleton Company. Palazzo Barberini is an imposing Baroque building that houses the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, the National Gallery of Ancient Art. Urban VIII urged his protg to paint and to practice architecture. Though none of his wives bore him a legitimate male heir, there are many mentions of an illegitimate male heir to the House of Barberini - Maffeo Callisto Barberini. The Jesuitesses, founded by the Englishwoman Mary Ward in 1609, he suppressed in 1631 for insubordination. He fortified Castelfranco Emilia on the Mantuan frontier and commissioned Vincenzo Maculani to fortify the Castel Sant'Angelo in Rome. His first architectural work was the remodeled Church of Santa Bibiana in Rome. The camauro, fashioned from red velvet and trimmed with ermine fur, evolved from an academic headdress that was worn by cardinals in the Middle Ages and was incorporated into the papal attire during the fifteenth-century. . Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. A promoter of the arts, Urban VIII was the foremost patron of the important Baroque sculptor and architect Gian Lorenzo Bernini, some of whose finest works he commissioned, including the loggias of St. Peters, Rome, and Urbans tomb in the basilica. +420 353 941 152. ngbryggeriet helgpse All Rights Reserved. It is particularly striking due to the two fountains built by Bernini. Urban VIII, born Maffeo Barberini, was a generous patron of the arts and hired the Neapolitan artist to paint a memorable portrait that would capture the Supreme Pontiff at the height of his powers. The pope's brother (also named Antonio) became a cardinal in 1628. Urbano Barberini is on Facebook. Instant PDF downloads. The pope also beatified 68 individuals, including the Martyrs of Nagasaki (1627). Whether your office needs a reliable exterminator or your home is under attack by a variety of rodents and insects, you dont need to fear anymore, because we are here to help you out. At his father's death he inherited the Barberini comune of Palestrina and became the 3rd Barberini Prince of Palestrina. Being attacked by the fever which was raging in Rome, he was obliged to postpone his coronation until 29 September. June 2022 He refused to join the alliance which France had made with Venice and Savoy against Spain in 1624, and was instrumental in bringing about the Treaty of Monzon, 5 March, 1626, which gave equal rights upon the Valtellina to France and Spain. The Catholic Encyclopedia. September 2022 lsrstider lund polhem support@lawfirmrankers.com; berkna hllfasthet balkong Facebook fortnox ndra kundfaktura Linkedin. Urbano Barberini was the fourth child of the marriage, of Maffeo Barberini and Olimpia Giustiniani, which had reconciled the Barberini with the papacy after the Wars of Castro and falling out with Pope Innocent X.. Biography - Pope Urban VIII - The Papal Library. Urbano Barberini Riario Sforza Colonna di Sciarra (born 18 September 1961), best known as Urbano Barberini or sometimes Urbano Barberini Sforza, is an Italian actor. He is fluent in Italian and French languages and is mostly known for starring or appearing in many horror, fantasy and drama films, including the cult classic Dmoni (Demons). Urban's nephew, Antonio Barberini, the Younger, was created cardinal in 1627, became camerlengo in 1638, then commander-in-chief of the papal troops. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. It would have maintained a world hegemony since ancient times. Su padre, Antonio Barberini, un noble. March 2021 In 1601, as nuncio to the French court, Barberini traveled to France to congratulate Henry IV on the birth of his son, the future Louis XIII. Numerous members of Barberini's family also had their likeness caught in stone by Bernini, such as his brothers Carlo and Antonio. His Holiness is tall, dark, with regular features and black hair turning grey. He served as papal legate in France (1601) and was simultaneously appointed (1604) archbishop of Nazareth and nuncio to Paris. I agree with your big picture, but to say the grey Pope is above the black Pope is almost impossible to prove. Please help support the mission of New Advent and get the full contents of this website as an instant download. Urbans pontificate coincided with the ministry of Cardinal de Richelieu of France and with the decisive period of the Thirty Years War. Date 3 November 2017, 17:03:13 Source Own work Author Daderot "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." He is an actor, known for Casino Royale (2006), Demons (1985) and Gor (1987). He urged Louis XIII and Richelieu to desist from subsidizing the King of Sweden, but refused to excommunicate them, as he feared a repetition of what had occurred in England under Henry VIII and Elizabeth (Nunziatura di Germania, Cod. For some of these structures he used bronze from the roof of the Pantheon, thus causing the well-known but unwarranted pasquinade: "Quod non fecerunt Barbari, fecerunt Barberini.". Following his death, international and domestic machinations resulted in the papal conclave not electing Cardinal Giulio Cesare Sacchetti, who was closely associated with some members of the Barberini family. principe di Palestrina. Neither as pontiff not as temporal ruler could Urban remain a disinterested onlooker, and he had no other motive than the welfare of the Catholic Church. My email address is webmaster at newadvent.org. Forced to return to Rome in 1639, on account of ill-health, he was replaced by Rossetti. The "black pope" [ 1] is a late 19th century nickname for the superior general of the Society of Jesus, the Jesuits, because for the last five centuries, it has been one of the largest and most influential orders in the Church. For the training of missionaries, he founded (1627) the Collegium Urbanum, and in 1633 he declared China and Japan (which had been closed to proselytization in 1585 by Pope Gregory XIII) open again for missionaries. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. September 2021 Urban VIII, sporting a medium-length grey beard and moustache, is wearing the traditional camauro hat and a red coat with a white collar while . Peace was declared, but Urban VIII refused to yield. At the death of his uncle, he inherited his riches, with which he bought a palace in Rome, which he made into a luxurious Renaissance residence. [10], Urban VIII issued a 1624 papal bull that made the use of tobacco in holy places punishable by excommunication;[11] Pope Benedict XIII repealed the ban one hundred years later.[12]. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Houses, offices, and agricultural areas will become pest-free with our services. 118, fol. The new pope took the name of Urban VIII. In the Basilica of St. Peter he erected the baldachin over the high altar, the tomb of Countess Matilda, translating her remains from Mantua, and his own tomb, opposite that of Paul III. Urban VIII canonized five saints during his pontificate: Stephen Harding (1623), Elizabeth of Portugal and Conrad of Piacenza (1625), Peter Nolasco (1628), and Andrea Corsini (1629). APA citation. Some information : Man in the middle is a famous Italian Actor Urbano Barberini Riario Sforza Colonna di Sciarra (born 18 September 1961) themoviedb.org. The immense composition celebrates the spiritual and political power of the Barberini family through a myriad of characters - over one hundred of them - set in an open space, dilated to infinity beyond the limits imposed by the architecture. By the end of his reign as pope, the Catholic Counterreformation had definitely subsided. Biography []. Urban VIII, sporting a medium-length grey beard and moustache, is wearing the traditional camauro hat and a red coat with a white collar while his dark eyes are opened wide and his eyebrows are raised. Marble. Watch on Loading. One of the most eulogistic of these artistic works in its celebration of his reign, is the huge Allegory of Divine Providence and Barberini Power painted by Pietro da Cortona on the ceiling of the large salon of the Palazzo Barberini. August 2022 Stock photos, 360 images, vectors and videos Ecclesiastical approbation. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. Pope Urban VIII. This proved ineffective, and on 13 January, 1642, Urban excommunicated Farnese and deprived him of all his fiefs. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. His coronation had to be postponed until 29 September 1623 since the new pontiff was ill at the time of his election. He also launched the Wars of Castro in 1641 against Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza, whom he excommunicated. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Palazzo Barberini; Galleria Corsini; Gian Lorenzo Bernini (Naples 1598 - Rome 1680) Portrait of Urban VIII. The literary interests of his youth found expression in his writing of numerous hymns, Scriptural paraphrases, and revisions of the breviary. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Title: Design for the Prow of a Galley of Pope Urban VIII, with Figures of Victory, Sea Gods, Angels, and the Emblems of the Barberini Family. February 2021 The following quotation will suffice: "We give eternal thanks to the Lord of vengeance because he rendered retribution to the proud and shook from the neck of the Catholics their most bitter enemy." His father Antonio Barberini, a Florentine nobleman, who died when Maffeo was only three years old, his mother, Camilla Barbadoro, brought him to Rome at an early age. A consequence of these military and artistic endeavours was a massive increase in papal debt. Ott, M. (1912). He returned to Rome, where Pope Clement VIII (1592) made him governor of Fano, then protonotary. 3 See photo gallery. He cheerfully sets out to convict God of the most elementary errors in astronomy. He is also a translator . Not to be confused with contemporary actor Urbano Barberini. Like his father, he was made a Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece (in 1687). Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Connect to the World Family Tree to find out, Malfeo Barberini, Olimpia Barberini ( Giustiniani). Instead, it elected Cardinal Giovanni Battista Pamphili, who took the name of Innocent X, as his successor at the papal conclave of 1644. Struggling with distance learning? Connect to the World Family Tree to find out, Art collector, patron, jurist, cardinal, poet, Italian: Maffeo Vincenzo Barberini, papa Urbano VIII, cardinal Antonio Marcello Barberini, seniore, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Urban_VIII, Birth of Maffeo Barberini, pope Urban VIII, Baptism of Maffeo Barberini, pope Urban VIII, Death of Maffeo Barberini, pope Urban VIII, 235th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church (from 1623). 1632-1633. Their incomplete and often ill-advised corrections were approved by Urban, 19 September, 1631, and embodied in the official edition of the Roman Breviary which was issued the following year (see BREVIARY Reforms of the Breviary). He is exceptionally elegant and refined in all details of his dress; has a graceful and aristocratic bearing and exquisite taste. Saturnalian Brotherhood - The Real 13 Zoroastrian Bloodlines of the Illuminati. 266). In 1634 he enjoined upon all ruling bishops, including cardinals, to observe the episcopal residence as decreed at the Council of Trent. He was the last pope to expand the papal territory by force of arms, and was a prominent patron of the arts and reformer of Church missions. November 2019 Urban VIII1623-1644 Maffeo Barberini born 1568 This pope, Maffeo Barberini, was born at Florence in 1568, son of Antonio Barberini and Camilla Barbadori, whose families were distinguished for their nobility and their lofty connections. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Black because that is the color of the 'habit' of the order, simple clerical clothing. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. October 2019 For his great-nephew, see, Head of the Catholic Church from 1623 to 1644. Homo capensis: presumed hominid with a large brain and an IQ of 180. Cristina Marsillach, Urbano Barberini and Ian Charleson / Opera (1987, dir. Teachers and parents! Urban VIII's papacy covered 21 years of the Thirty Years' War, (1618-1648) and was an eventful one, even by the standards of the day. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Three days after his coronation he created Francesco Barberini, his nephew, cardinal; in 1627 he made him librarian of the Vatican; and in 1632 vice-chancellor. January 2019, Heraldic Bees of the Barberini Family, Santa Maria in Aracoeli. Since the nineteenth century, it has become common for books of popular devotion to carry a disclaimer. In a later Bull, dated 13 September, 1642, he reduced the number of holy days of obligation to thirty-four, besides Sundays. At the same time, Bernini was commissioned to build a symbolic structure over the tomb of St. Peter in St. Peter's . His father, Antonio (who died when Barberini was only three), and mother, Camilla Barbadoro, were both of the nobility. Venice, Tuscany, and Modena then formed an antipapal league to protect Parma, and France also intervened in Odoardos favour. The Order of the Golden Fleece is an order of chivalry founded in Bruges by Philip III, Duke of Burgundy in 1430, to celebrate his marriage to the Portuguese princess Infanta Isabella of Portugal, daughter of King John I of Portugal. Urban VIII was opposed to Copernican heliocentrism and he ordered Galileo's second trial after the publication of Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, in which Urban's point of view is argued by the character "Simplicio". Towards the end of his pontificate his nephews involved him in a useless war with Odoardo Farnese, the Duke of Parma, with whom they had quarrelled on questions of etiquette during his visit to Rome in 1639. February 2022 A large portion of the Barberini estate was left for him in her will. He is also a translator, theater producer and artistic director. It is often suggested that the pope felt mocked by Galileo's Dialogue, rather than intellectually disagreed with its premises (Galileo has a character named Simplicio make the Church's official argument). In 1693 he married Felice Ventimiglia Pignatelli d'Aragona. I'm the writer and founder of TheHistoryOfArt.org. The portrait, situated in Rome, measures sixty-seven centimetres by fifty centimetres and resides in the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. The results you delivered are amazing! Francesco did not abuse his power. He lived with his uncle, Francesco Barberini, who was then prothonotary Apostolic, and was educated at the Collegio Romano under the direction of the Jesuits. What makes Hunting Pest Services stand out from any other pest services provider is not only the quality of the results we deliver but also our versatility. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. On 6 March, 1642, he issued the Bull, "In eminenti," condemning the "Augustinus" of Jansenius. Tweet. He began his reign by issuing on the very day of his election the Bulls of canonization of Philip Neri, Ignatius Loyola, and Francis Xavier, who had been canonized by Gregory XV. The battle was critical for the Catholic Church, yet Urban VIII gave little support to the Catholic Hapsburgs. Tweet. Galileo died in 1642. On the next day the "Te Deum" was sung in the Sistine Chapel in presence of the pope, "ob laetitiam necis regis Sueciae interfecti," after which the pope himself chanted the versicles and orations. Pope Paul V made him cardinal in 1606 and bishop of Spoleto in 1608. The first accusation was already branded as a calumny by Cardinal Francesco Barberini in a conference with the imperial ambassador Savelli on 16 March, 1629 (Nunziatura di Germania, Cod. With the pontificate of Urban VIII (1623-44), Bernini entered a period of enormous productivity and artistic development. Their distinctive coat of. This article was transcribed for New Advent by Carol Kerstner. The two separated and she sought refuge with her brother-in-law, Urbano's Cardinal brother Francesco and later joined a convent within his bishopric. Pagina Ufficiale di Urbano Barberini, capolista di Europa Verde per Gualtieri Sindaco - Elezioni Amministrative 3-4 ottobre 2021 [18] When Urban VIII travelled to Castel Gandolfo to rest, the members of the Spanish faction met in secret and discussed ways to advance their plan. I suppose God hadn't got far enough in his studies before he wrote the bible; is that it? The young Gian Lorenzo Bernini was his favourite artist and the two created over a period of twenty years some of the Baroque masterpieces one can see in Rome, although at the . Ranke and Gregorovius attribute Urban's actions in this war to his intention to humiliate the two Houses of Habsburg (Austria and Spain), whose too great power was a constant menace to Italy and Rome; hence, they declare, he favoured France and did not subsidize Emperor Ferdinand II in his war against Gustavus Adolphus and the Protestants. In 1714, now 50 years old and still without a legitimate male heir, Barberini married 22-year-old Donna Maria Teresa Boncompagni, daughter of Don Gregorio Boncompagni, Duke of Sora. lkarhuset gvle vaccination Updates? They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. A large portion of the Barberini estate was left for him in her will. More at IMDbPro Contact info Agent info Resume Born September 18, 1961 Add to list Photos 6 Known for Casino Royale 8.0 Tomelli 2006 Demons 6.6 George 1985 Gor 3.4 Tarl Cabot 1987 Gor II 2.3 Cabot 1988 Institutions, golf courses, sports fields these are just some examples of the locations we can rid of pests. This was allegedly found at the mausoleum of the Roman Emperor Severus Alexander and his family at Monte Del Grano. Two little boys, so runs the legend, were given milk and shelter by a she-wolf. Later her progeny came into conflict with him over claims to the Barberini estate but the quarrel was settled with an agreement signed in Paris in 1811 which divided the estate between the two claimant branches of the family. . Less than a week after his installation as pope, Urban named his nephew Francesco Barberini cardinal, then Vatican librarian, and in 1632, vice chancellor. He denounced the slave trade in Brazil and the West Indies. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Like his father, he was made a Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece (in 1687). Urban VIII's death on 29 July 1644 is said to have been hastened by chagrin at the result of the Wars of Castro. You know its origins? (See the letters of Panzani, Conn, and Rossetti to Cardinal Barberini in the Record Office Transcripts.) He strongly fortified the Castel of Sant' Angelo, Monte Cavallo, and built various fortifications on the right side of the Tiber in Rome. mense opponunto egisti phlogiston monitus cederent in Hebrew Gematria equals 2235: m 30 e 5 n 40 s 90 e 5 0 o 50 p 60 p 60 o 50 n 40 u 200 n 40 t 100 o 50 0 e 5 g 7 i 9 s 90 t 100 i 9 0 p 60 h 8 l 20 o 50 g 7 i 9 s 90 t 100 o 50 n 40 0 m 30 o 50 n 40 i 9 t 100 u 200 s 90 0 c 3 e 5 d 4 e 5 r 80 e 5 n 40 t 100 in Hebrew Gematria equals 2235: m 30 e 5 n 40 s 90 e 5 0 o 50 . news of his second stroke had . Ex-partner of N.N. His suspected replacement is none other than, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Urbans involvements in church affairs were multifarious. In 1626, the duchy of Urbino was incorporated into the papal dominions,[16] and, in 1627, when the direct male line of the Gonzagas in Mantua became extinct, he controversially favoured the succession of the Duke Charles of Nevers against the claims of the Habsburgs. The only DVD that retains his original voice on the English dub is the UK release from Arrow Films. The vase remained in the Barberini family collection for some 150 years before passing through the hands of Sir William Hamilton Ambassador to the Royal Court in Naples. Palazzo Barberini Inv: The fresco was painted by Pietro da Cortona and pupils between 1632 and 1639. www.TheHistoryOfArt.org 2023. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. "Pope Urban VIII." but to endow the portrait with such naturalness that the viewer feels truly in the pope's presence. Urban VIII is a recurring character in the Ring of Fire alternative history hypernovel by Eric Flint et al. principe di Palestrina Urbano Barberini was a Italian nobleman of the House of Barberini, third hereditary Prince of Palestrina and last legitimate male heir of the Barberini line from Pope Urban VIII. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. urbano barberini grey pope. January 2020 Neither she nor Urbano made mention of each other in their respective wills. In 1604 he was appointed Archbishop of Nazareth and sent as nuncio to Paris, where he became very influential with Henry IV. As pope, he expanded the papal territory by force of arms and advantageous politicking, and was also a prominent patron of the arts and a reformer of Church missions. August 2020 Ex-husband of Cornelia Zeno Barberini and Felice Ventimiglia Pignatelli d'Aragona In 1643 hostilities were renewed and continued without decisive success until the pope finally concluded a disgraceful peace on 31 March, 1644. Geni requires JavaScript! The discovery of the vase is described by Pietro Santi Bartoli and referenced on page 28 of a book on The Portland Vase. July 2019 Expert extermination for a safe property. Urbano Barberini was the fourth child of the marriage, of Maffeo Barberini and Olimpia Giustiniani, which had reconciled the Barberini with the papacy after the Wars of Castro and falling out with Pope Innocent X. According to contemporary John Bargrave, in 1636 members of the Spanish faction of the College of Cardinals were so horrified by the conduct of Pope Urban VIII that they conspired to have him arrested and imprisoned (or killed) so that they could replace him with a new pope; namely Laudivio Zacchia. Transcription. principe di Palestrina, "3rd Barberini Prince of Palestrina", "Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece". He earned the money being a professional Film Actor. The 1638 papal bull Commissum Nobis protected the existence of Jesuit missions in South America by forbidding the enslavement of natives who were at the Jesuit Reductions. Urban VIII, born Maffeo Barberini, was a generous patron of the arts and hired the Neapolitan artist to paint a memorable portrait that would capture the Supreme Pontiff at the height of his powers. I had not opened my garage for more than two months, and when I finally decided to completely clean it, I found out that a swarm of wasps had comfortably settled in it. Born in 1688, his birth predates any of Barberini's marriages. [citation needed], Riario Sforza Barberini Colonna di Sciarra, Last edited on 20 February 2023, at 11:01, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Il principe attore Urbano Barberini ha sposato Viviana Broglio", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Urbano_Barberini&oldid=1140506525, This page was last edited on 20 February 2023, at 11:01. He was also an opponent of Copernicanism and involved in the Galileo affair. He extended the sphere of activity for the Congregation of Propaganda, and in 1627 founded the Collegium Urbanum, whose object was the training of missionaries for foreign countries. Guaranteed Reliability and Proven Results! Maria Teresa wrote hundreds of pages to the Pope urging him to disallow the marriage knowing that as a Cardinal, Francesco could perform the marriage ceremony himself. He restricted, for example, the depiction of haloes to images of those beatified or canonized. March 2022 The will of Urbano Barberini"s last wife, Maria Teresa Boncompagni, makes mention of this Maffeo Callisto as the Marquis of Corese and she expresses "appreciation and gratitude" for him. Palazzo Barberini. He also approved the following sisterhoods: Canonesses of the Holy Sepulchre, 1631; Sisters of the Incarnation, 1633; Nuns of Our Lady of Nancy, 1634; and Sisters of Our Lady of Mercy, 1642. He provided enormous financial assistance for missionary work, enlarged the bailiwick of the Congregation of Propaganda, and in 1627 created the Collegium Urbanum, whose purpose was to train missionaries for work in foreign countries. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Urban-VIII. These five dominating families unite with the Borgia, Chigi, Colonna, Conti, Este, Medici, Pallavicini, and Pamphili to form the ancient 13th Saturnalian bloodlines. View Rude Words. Corrections? - Black Pope - Ultimate Worldpower December 25, 2018 D.I.P. October 2022 It is as yet difficult to pass a correct judgment on Urban from every point of view. The first members had in fact always doubled surname of Boboni-Orsini. He also bestowed upon their brother, Taddeo Barberini, the titles Prince of Palestrina, Gonfalonier of the Church, Prefect of Rome and Commander of Sant'Angelo. The Italians (Italiani) are a Latin European ethnic group and nation native to the Italian peninsula. His only daughter, Cornelia Costanza (1716-97), was married to a member of the Colonna family who assumed the Barberini name. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Having gained greater liberty for the Catholics, he was succeeded in 1638 by George Conn, an Englishman, who had previously been secretary to Cardinal Francesco Barberini. Urban VIII also established an arsenal in the Vatican, an arms factory at Tivoli and fortified the harbour of Civitavecchia. Commissioned by Pope Urban VIII, the mansion was the most elegant and luxurious villa of the period. His life remains still to be written fairly. He is also a translator, theater producer and artistic director.He is fluent in Italian and French languages and is mostly known for starring or appearing in many horror, fantasy and drama films, including the cult classic Dmoni . Later her progeny came into conflict with him over claims to the Barberini estate but the quarrel was settled with an agreement signed in Paris in 1811 which divided the estate between the two claimant branches of the family. Researchers like Dr Edward Spencer have exposed archaeological evidence of these hominids with elongated skulls from around the world, evidence from 50,000 years ago in South Africa, and even people like Akhenaten, the Egyptian pharaoh. 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