Othello: Act II Study Questions Scene i 1. 2. Iago and Cassio are on the watch together; Iago gets Cassio to drink, knowing that he cannot hold his liquor. Roderigo is deceived by Iago whom he trusted so dearly, However, along with his word choice, Iago is clever at the timing of what he says. He is a ladies man, he is loyal to Othello, he has a weakness for alcohol, Iago urges Roderigo to provoke Cassio by telling him that, Iago and Cassio (Iago - manipulative, hates women // Cassio - loves women, manipulated), In Scene 3, Othello becomes angry with Cassio because, while supervising the watch, Cassio got into a fight. His curious final anecdote asserts his rightful membership in Venetian society. Here we see Roderigo acknowledge what Iago is doing to him and how Roderigo will no longer tolerate it. Iago and Edmund: The Silence and Complexity of Evil, Inevitability and the Nature of Shakespeare's Tragedies, Witchy Women: Female Magic and Otherness in Western Literature. Although Othello and Desdemona's reunion is joyful and passionate, the language of the scene hints at other emotions in Othello. What trouble does Iago stir up to disturb the peace of the island? "Honest" emerges as a key word in this scene, a constant reminder of the dramatic irony of Iago's dealings. The diverse set of activities below include short group performances, writing exercises, and the guided use of online dictionaries and concordances to study Shakespeare's language. When Roderigo starts telling Brabantio about this, he shrugs it off, blaming his nonsense on Roderigos unrequited love for his daughter. If not, how does Iago use words to convince himself that he is completely justified in destroying Othello? Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Students' written work can form the basis for the next class discussion. this quote suggests to the audience that Iago is saying his plot is so evil that hell and night shall give birth to it. To Othello and the others, Iago pretends not to understand how the whole fight came about, but he defends Cassio, saying that Cassio surely received from "him that fled" (Roderigo) some "strange indignity, / Which patience could not pass." How does the setting change from Act 1 to the Act 2? Iago is, of course, the serpent who uses "Eve" (Desdemona) to get to "Adam" (Othello). With the line, But for my sport and profit, it is clear that Iago sees enriching himself off Roderigos envy as an amusing task with such an easy mark (Shakespeare 1473). Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Cassio's ship, followed by Desdemona's ship, is the first Venetian ship to arrive. In the first scene of the fifth act, after killing Roderigo and after Cassio passes out, Iago senses the chance to engage in a bit of creative staging. The majority of character analyses done over the play focus mainly on the two male figures, Othello and Iago. Another literary tradition is the fact that he always uses morals and themes; if not multiple morals and themes such as in Othello he involves characteristics such as jealousy, greed, envy, deceitfulness, power, betrayal, honesty and revenge etc. Identify the correct term or person that best matches the following description. Examine iago's language at the end of Act Two. Shakespeare highlights that Iago has control over the characters and everyone is vulnerable to his tricks . Iago also states that And out of her own goodness make the net, that shall enmesh them all. Cassio laments that he has lost his reputation, which is very dear to him. In lines 337- 355, Iago reiterates the statement, "put money in thy purse" to convince Iago not to give up on trying to pursue Desdemona. He uses this particularly well with Roderigo and Othello. O, I have lost my reputation!" Iago gets Cassio drunk and then has Roderigo pick a fight with him. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." Othello What becomes of the Turkish threat? He knows exactly what to say and when to say it to incite jealousy within anyone he wishes. Or, if the technology is available at your school, you could display. Iago uses this metaphor to manipulate Roderigo into going to Desdemona's father and telling him that his daughter is married to the Moor, Othello. Now, then, il peut s'echapper. There is no man that does not delight in being called a real man. Iago takes advantage of the desperate former suitor of Desdemona and controls his emotions like a puppeteer pulling strings. A remarkable resource maintained by the University of Toronto, the Early Modern English Dictionary Database (EMEDD) makes accessible the contents of dictionaries, glossaries, grammars, and encyclopedias published in England from 1500 to 1660. Explain the incident that led to Cassio's dismissal. In act III, scene iii, Desdemona. Another metaphor that helps Iago with his plan is "Thus do I ever make my fool my purse"(I, iii, 375). He is going to get drunk and be argumentative, ready to fight, and take offense to everything. Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas. Shakespeare's use of soliloquies to present Macbeth and Hamlet, True Grit in the Character of Mattie in True Grit by Charles Portis. For I fear Cassio with my nightcap too Iago then later comments on the fact that now he suspects that Cassio has slept with his wife, the audience comes to realise that Iago either has a intense Paranoia throughout the play or whomsoever Iago feels resentful towards, he decides to add them to his plot in their demise or downfall. (2020, Jun 02). Othello, meanwhile, his crime staring him in the face, now can only preserve his honor by insisting that Iago's version must be the truth. "My invention comes from my pate as birdlime does from frieze," Iago says, though his analogy misrepresents his quick wit and subtle intelligence (II.i.125-126). Iago says how there are "many a duteous and knee crooking knave thatwears out his time, much like his master's ass". "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." Good vs. evil is a major theme in the play, though there is a great deal of gray area; though Iago is the villain, everyone else has some blemish on their natures which makes them easily corruptible, and not entirely deserving of the label "good". 9. Iago had been using Roderigo for his money and none of the gifts and jewels Roderigo gave Iago to give to Desdemona actually reached her. What in-formation do Roderigo and Iago give to Brabantio regarding Des-demona . Further study of Iago as being an uncharacteristically compelling villain would be interesting to pursue. The audience believes that this reason is inadequate and that it is only because of Othellos good fortune that he has decided to plot his revenge against Othello. A messenger arrives with news that the Turkish fleet has been so damaged by the storm that it no longer threatens Cyprus. Examine Iago's language at the end of Act Two. The banter between Iago and Desdemona creates a nervous, uncomfortable atmosphere, in part because their levity is inappropriate, given that Othello's ship remains missing. Updating the audience about his secret plans, Iago continues to act as a "director." Start date: May 2022. Does Iago use other words that would also alarm him? He speaks of Desdemona as being "sport for Jove," and "full of game" (II.iii.17-19); his depiction of Desdemona rings false, as does his attempt to insinuate lust into Cassio's mind. Assisting any children who may require extra support. One of Iagos mentionings as follows I havet. The rest of Iago's plan at last falls into place after his discussion with Cassio. "With as little a web as this I will ensnare as great a fly as Cassio," he says; indeed, the simile speaks truly of his intent, and of his true powers of "invention" (II.i.168-169). Cassio is a fly and Iago is gonna manipulate and "trap" him. In the first 42 lines of the scene, . Analyze Iago's arguments. Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text. Iago then gives a soliloquy about knowing that Desdemona will speak for Cassio, and that he will be able to turn that against them both. Before dividing students into groups, initiate a class discussion with the following observation and question: The characters in the play refer to Iago as "honest." They really don't want to get caught but one can see their sins if they look closely. Iago's perception of women as deceptive, dominating, and lusty colors the way he portrays both Emilia and Desdemona; both are good women, Desdemona exceedingly so, yet he is able to convince other men that they are anything but what they are. Also, ask students to examine and write down Iago's reasons for wishing to appear false to Othello (see especially 1.1.833; I.3.368386; and 2.1.268294). Iago asks if Cassio knew who he was chasing after, but Cassio says that he can't remember anything distinctly. Throughout this act Iago is fully aware of his actions, the fact that his selfishness is to such a great extent that through his trickery he manages to cause grief and pain to those who are closest and dearest to him, yet he strives on caring for none but himself and only those who are yet to join his plot. These literary traditions are common among the play Othello and is seen throughout the novel through several characters including Othello, Cassio, Roderigo and Iago. But Iago begins explaining the situation, saying very now, an old black ram is topping your white ewe. Who said the quote? Capstone Assignment #2: Two Paper Topic Ideas, For further evidence of Iago's successful persuasive techniques, one might also profitably examine Iago's interactions with Roderigo (see. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs In the third scene of the third act, Iago's use of language makes him very visible to the audienceby this point the audience is well aware that Iago is jealous of . Conclude the class by asking the students how they view Iago, Desdemona, Othello, and Brabantio as based on what they have read and discussed. During the Iago keeps the gifts that Roderigo purchases for Desdemona for himself. Cassio, however, knows himself and refrains. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. When Lodovico shows up at the beginning of Act 4, Othello is already completely overtaken by Iago's influence. They spot a ship coming forth; but Iago, Desdemona, and Emilia are on it, not Othello. Therefore Iago decides to give him a cheerful speech in which he says, If thou canst cuckold him, thou dost thyself a pleasure, me a sport. (Shakespeare I.iii.360-361). Cassio stands in especially sharp contrast to Iago when Iago speaks lustfully of Desdemona; Cassio is full of honor when it comes to women, and the ideals of a courtier as well. In the final moment of the play, Iago, who has directed action throughout, ends up as a spectator to his own misdeeds. The relationship between Roderigo and Iago is obviously somewhat close. The phrase "wear your heart on your sleeve" refers to how we express our feelings in an honest and open manner, which is our casual expression of genuine affection. Desdemona 3. The EDSITEment-reviewed, appeals to reason, emotions, and character (logos, pathos, ethos), Other terms, not mentioned on this website but also useful for the study of, By giving their attention to Iago's rhetorical skills, students will see how he uses language to create a convincing, albeit deceptive, identity for himself; Iago also creates equally untrue identities for others, resulting in a fateful-if not fatal-outcome for all concerned. The next time around, however, Roderigo makes a direct attack on Iago saying that Iago is purposely tricking Roderigo. By saying he doesn't know what happened, Iago makes it look like he is trying to protect Cassio.. As usual, Iago pretends that he does not want to say what he is about to say, which makes what he. Students love them!, Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Cassio sees his reputation, his honor, as what makes him human. A messenger enters, and confirms that the Turkish fleet was broken apart by the storm, and that Cassio has arrived, though Othello is still at sea. Whereas the acting f the play started on the streets of Venice going to the court and finally to Cyprus's beaches. He exploits Roderigos love for Desdemona, cajolesCassio under the guise of friendship, and toys with Othellos, After Iagos plan of getting Desdemonas father involved against Othello and Desdemonas relationship in the council chamber fails, Roderigo finds himself depressed. Othello considers all of his men in Cyprus to be friends, since they are allies; this is another example of Othello's confusion between the worldly and the personal spheres. One strategy for helping students to focus on the details of Iago's language would be to provide them with a handout of the key rhetorical terms to be used throughout the reading of Othello. Cassio 2. It is engenderd. He is a master at making someone look bad while seemingly trying to defend that person. The groups will consult the. In other words, Iago 2, the truth-teller, reveals what really lies behind Iago 1's blandishments. To love him still for prating? Through Iagos many qualities, Jealousy and Paranoia seem to be exaggerated throughout the play, it is because of Iagos jealousy is of such as great extent that he is brought to bring about the downfall of Othello. Video. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. What do you think might be the consequences of this fact? Iago's facility with language reveals his cunning and intelligence, and makes his manipulation of Othello believable. A ''Moor'' meant that Othello was dark-skinned and . What are some possible symbolic meanings of this change? Rodgerio and Iago have had a bit too much to drink and they go over to Brabantios house to inform him about his daughters romantic relationship with Othello. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. -Graham S. Cassio, insisting that he is not drunk when he clearly is, seeks to maintain his honor or dignity via an illusion about himself. Othello's self-consciousness is apparent in these words to Desdemona. Roderigo also plays as a pawn in Iago's plan when he is lied to by Iago about getting married to Desdemona. What does it mean? " (295) Iago may be power hungry because he is insecure. Othello as a stranger in a strange land: In order to understand how and why Iago's rhetoric might work so effectively against Othello, students should also be made aware of the powerful General's vulnerability: he is a Moor in an alien society, first in the city of Venice and then on the isle of Cyprus. How do Wheatley and Adams cope with: slavery; lack of security due to inaction; absolute power of men? Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Iago then later describes this in his soliloquy as divinity of hell, as this is devilish acts being carries out. "If consequence do but approve my dream, my boat sails freely, both with wind and stream" (II.iii.63-64). The rhyming couplets in which Iago expresses his misogynistic insults lend them an eerie, alienating quality, and Desdemona's active encouragement of Iago is somewhat puzzling. The Question and Answer section for Othello is a great In line 331, Iago says Come, be a man!. Later on in the play we find that Iago refers to those he resents as whip me such honest knaves the fact that he uses deception of honesty for his trickery to take place means that through honesty he is able to control those around him almost like pawns in a chest game. For example, one group should have Iago, another Othello, another Cassio, and still another Desdemona. That is, does Iago use any rhetorical devices to convince himself that he is in the right? Cassio's lines "Reputation, reputation, reputation! What does he say to Cassio privately? Othello's herald enters, to proclaim that the Turks are not going to attack. When Roderigo confronts Iago with these words, it is evident that his conflict has progressed. Also notice that Othello and Desdemona did not have sex until they were married, in contrast to the graphic imaginations that the other characters have indulged in. Do you agree with Iago or with Cassio? But what is a Moor and what did it mean to be a Moor in Shakespeare's time? Evaluate the extent to which Othello is a tragic hero. Iago 4. At the same time, at a trivial level, he also starts to speak untruths as a result of Iago's manipulations. This builds on Iago's soliloquy in Act 1 scene 3, where he reveals to the audience that he intends to create suspicion in Othello's mind that Desdemona is having a secret relationship with Cassio, "after some time, to abuse Othello's ear that he is too familiar with his wife..". Iago tries to control Emilia, commanding her as his wife to be silent. What do these actions reveal about Iago and his methods? Which character recruits Iago to woo Desdemona? Othello secretly marries Desdemona, the daughter of a Venetian Senator, which is when Iago gets his plan to get rid of Othello with the help of his subordinate, Roderigo. In this excerpt Iago represents, Iago also tries to persuade Roderigo through the different types of language techniques and appeals: ethos, pathos, and logos. Indeed the Turks are the enemy in Cyprus, but it is interesting that Othello uses language that conveys otherness. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.R.2. After a discussion of what "honest" means in today's society, divide the students up into four groups. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.R.1. For example when Iago says to Roderigo, "Plague him with flies"(I,i,71). Roderigo eventually begins to question Honest Iago, saying "I think it is scurvy, and begin to find myself fopped in it." [Act IV, Scene II, Line 189]. The group wait, bantering on the topic of women. "He'll be as full of quarrel and offense as my young mistress' dog" (II.iii.51-52). The characters that comment on the storm are mariners, alluding to Ursa Minor and stars used for navigation; this is a testament to Shakespeare's ability to craft credible dialogue for a great diversity and range of characters. The slow pace of Desdemona's death stretches out its brutality and the terrible consequences of Othello's delusion. Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, connotative, and figurative meanings, and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone. Once again, Iago closes the act with a speech addressed to the audience; although Othello is the title character, and his dilemma is central to the play, Iago is even more central to the events of the play, and to the audience. Early on in the play the audience comes to find that Iago is disloyal, evil and deceiving, we come to realise this when he speaks to Roderigo and he uses quotations such as I follow him to serve my turn upon him The quote shows that Iago is only serving Othello to his own advantageous needs, to serve Othello for his own benefits; this indicates to the audience that Iagos intentions to do this are by being deceiving and disloyal. Students love them!, Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Once there's reason to exclude him from the social group, Othello quickly is diminished to the status of outsider among the Venetians. Iago uses the appeal to ethos twice in the passage, in line 331 and then again in lines 355-357. Roderigo believes him, blinded by his love for Desdemona, and sells his land to get money for gifts. At the end of the court scene in the first act, Iago and Roderigo are left alone with the poor doting lover in great despair. Exam Invigilator's needed in Colne, Lancashire. Ensuring the class stays on task. The news that Cassio has killed Roderigo is the first sign of Iago's plots unraveling. The series was a spinoff of The Andy Griffith Show, and the pilot episode was introduced as the final fourth-season episode which aired on May 18, 1964. The Turks are forced to give up their attack on Cyprus, and the Venetian ships return in triumph. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. The role can vary from school to school, but generally responsibilities will include: Preparing the classroom ready for a lesson. Joseph Ward May 31, 2014; Christine McKeever ed. The show ran for five seasons, with a total of 150 half-hour episodes, 30 in black-and-white and 120 in color. Desdemona 3. 1. Also, this quote shows that Iagos overactive id, as his pleasure of revenging on Othello for taking his job overpowers his sense of instincts, superego, that he should not. When Othello breaks up the quarrel, he asks, "are we turn'd Turks" (II.iii.170). Indeed, Iago is so good at lying that he is able to convince even himself that he has the soundest of reasons to destroy Othello, Desdemona, and Cassio. Arise, arise, awake the snorting citizens with the bell, or else the devil will make a grandsire of you. (I,I). This will help Iago hint that Desdemona and Cassio are together, which will enrage Othello. Othello e-text contains the full text of Othello by William Shakespeare. Does Othello's final speech redeem him? Soliloquies are important in many plays due to the fact that it fills the audience in on whats happening or what is about to happen, such as Iagos motives and plans. In this Iago says that he shall take Desdemonas pure hearts content goodness in which he will spawn a net of destruction to ruin them all. This represents the true characteristics of Iago through masculinity and his dominance over other characters throughout the play. It also allows the audience to see the true traits, personality and characteristics of the character, in this instance where the characters keep referring Iago as honest Iago or good friend but in fact the audience knows that this is not true because they were filled in on the soliloquies and therefore builds a sense of dramatic irony. What emotion does Iago play on to get Roderigo to provoke Cassio? Each plot point is spiraled further into tragedy due to the nature of Iago and his manipulative language towards the other main characters. Active Themes Othello searches his chamber and finds a sword. What might have been a reason for Shakespeare to employ this change at the end of the act? PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. However, we as viewers only come to find that this advice is means for Othello to suspect his wife Emilia of sexual relations with Cassio. Clearing away at the end of a lesson. It would be useful for the teacher to find the definitions of these words in the. J. N. Smith. What do we mean today when we say someone is honest? Though Iago seems grieved by Cassio's promotion over him, this does not seem to be his main, or only, motive. Iago decides that this is good enough a reason as any, even though he has no evidence whatsoever, he explains this when he says "will do as if for surety. Othello can't analyze realityhe can't even differentiate between Emilia's and Desdemona's voices. Note - This Recap is a quick(ish) synopsis of the Fey Adventure following 'Chapter 4 - X Marks the Spot' up to the present session. Each group should also be assigned to trace one character's "honesty" throughout the play. W.H. Some people think Iago may not be entirely at fault, as it was also Othellos Achilles heel that led to his downfall and demise, O, beware, my lord, of jealousy! Insider's Guide: Language in Othello Othello by William . Are some possible symbolic meanings of this fact: Act II Study Questions scene 1... The Question and Answer section for Othello is a Moor and what did it mean be! Analyze realityhe ca n't even differentiate between Emilia 's and Desdemona 's reunion is joyful and,! 1699 titles we cover them!, this does not seem to be silent a.! Sells his land to get money for gifts development ; summarize the key supporting details and ideas the Turks forced... 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